Aqueous solutions refer to solutions in which water is the solvent. These solutions consist of a solute, which is the substance being dissolved, and a solvent, which is water. Aqueous solutions are commonly used in various chemical processes, biological systems, and everyday life. The properties of aqueous solutions, such as pH, conductivity, and solubility, play a crucial role in determining their behavior and applications. Research in this area focuses on understanding the behavior of different solutes in water, determining the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of aqueous solutions, and developing new technologies for specific applications.